Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Analysis in Insulin-Treated Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects with the Use of Original Software

The aim: to compare glucose variability (GV) parameters derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in daytime and nocturnal hours in insulin-treated subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods: The CGM data from 130 type 1 diabetic and 117 type 2 diabetic patients were analyzed. The original software Sakharok was applied for time in range analysis. The GV parameters: Mean Amplitude of Glucose Excursions (MAGE), Lability Index (LI), Low Blood Glucose Index (LBGI), High Blood Glucose Index (HBGI), Continuous Overlapping Net Glycemic Action (CONGA), and Mean Absolute Glucose (MAG) were calculated with EasyGV software.Results: Patients with type 1 diabetes, as compared to those with type 2 diabetes, had higher mean 24-hour GV parameters: MAGE (p=0.000002), LI (p<0.00001), LBGI (p<0.00001), HBGI (p=0.008) and MAG (p=0.0002). Nocturnal MAGE, LI, MAG, HBGI, CONGA and time in hyperglycemic range were also higher in patients with type 1 diabetes (all p<0.02). Nocturnal LBGI and the prevalence of hypoglycemia were similar in both groups. In day-time hours type 1 diabetic subjects, as compare to those with type 2 diabetes, demonstrate lower CONGA (p=0.04) and higher prevalence of hypoglycemic episodes (p=0.000004).Conclusion: Insulin-treated patients with type 1 diabetes, as compared to type 2 diabetic subjects, have greater 24- hour CGM-derived GV parameters with more pronounced glucose fluctuations in the hyperglycemic range at night and more prevalent episodes of hypoglycemia in the daytime.